What condition results from the failure of the testis to descend into the scrotum?

The condition that results from the failure of the testis to descend into the scrotum is known as cryptorchidism. This occurs during fetal development or shortly after birth when one or both testes have not moved down into the scrotal sac. Normally, the testes descend into the scrotum in the last months of gestation or shortly after birth due to hormonal influences and physical changes. If this descent does not occur, it can lead to potential complications, such as infertility and an increased risk of testicular cancer.

Cryptorchidism can be unilateral or bilateral and is one of the most common abnormalities observed in newborn males. Proper diagnosis and management are crucial, and often, surgical intervention may be recommended if the condition persists beyond a certain age, typically around one year.

Orchitis, ectopic testis, and testicular torsion are conditions related to the testes but do not specifically refer to the failure of the testis to descend. Orchitis involves inflammation of the testes, ectopic testis refers to a testis located in an abnormal position rather than the scrotum, and testicular torsion involves the twisting of the spermatic cord, compromising blood flow to the testis.